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AlzRisk Paper Detail
Risk Factors
Alcohol
B Vitamins
Blood Pressure
Cognitive Activity
Diabetes Mellitus
Dietary Pattern
Head injury
Homocysteine
Hormone Therapy
Inflammatory Biomarkers
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Nutritional Antioxidants
Obesity
Physical Activity
Statin use
Reference:
Ryan, 2009
Cohort:
Three-City Study
Risk Factor:
Hormone Therapy
Average Follow-up Time Detail
Recruitment took place between 1999 and 2001. The data described here were gathered during the first 4 years of the study, with questionnaires and clinical examinations at baseline, 2 years, and 4 years.
Exposure Detail
Participants reported current and past HRT use, the duration and type of treatment, and the age of initiation of HRT use. Information related to the incidence of dementia and AD is only provided for current and past HRT use. Current use was defined by being able to present a prescription at the interview.
Ethnicity Detail
No detailed information on ethnicity is provided, but 88% of participants were born in France.
Age Detail
Age corresponds to the age at study recruitment. Entry criteria required a minimum age of 65.
Screening and Diagnosis Detail
Screening Method:
MMSE
Mini-Mental State Examination (Folstein 1975)
Other
AD Diagnosis:
DSM IV
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV
Total Dementia Definition:
DSM IV.
"A preliminary diagnosis and classification of dementia at each follow-up was made by 3C study clinical investigators, according to DSM-IV revised criteria, and was further validated by a national panel of neurologists independently of the 3C investigators."
Covariates & Analysis Detail
Analysis Type:
Cox proportional hazards regression
"Cox proportional hazards models with delayed entry assessed the association between HT and dementia incidence."
AD Covariates:
A
age
E
education
AAMp
age at menopause
ANTCH
anticholingergic drugs
BMI
body mass index
CI
comorbidity index
DEP
depression
HICAF
high caffeine intake
MS
marital status
O
other
PP
physical performance
TD Covariates:
A
age
E
education
AAMp
age at menopause
ANTCH
anticholingergic drugs
BMI
body mass index
CI
comorbidity index
DEP
depression
HICAF
high caffeine intake
MS
marital status
O
other
PP
physical performance
Adjustment for APOE e4 was made in additional stratified analyses not presented in these tables. There was a suggestion of decreased dementia/AD risk for APOE e4 carriers currently on HRT.